高中英语阅读写作素材之中国传统文化
  中国民俗 饮食（素材+语法填空+书面表达）
爽身粉洗头养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
第一部分 话题素材积累
In the Zhou Dynasty (1046 BC-256 BC),there was a fairly fully-fledged system of dining etiquette. Within Chinese traditions,eating has far more functions than just filling the stomach or bringing gastronomic pleasure. It has strengthened kinship and friendship.
在周朝（公元前1046年－公元前256年），已经有相当完善的饮食礼仪体系。在中国的传统里，饮食不仅是填饱肚子，或者享受美食，它增进了亲情和友谊。
For the seating arrangement, the seat facing the door is called the seat of honor and is the most venerable of all and the left or east seat is of secondary importance. It is better to leave the most honorable place at the dinning table for the elders. If a group of people are going to have a meal, the highly regarded members are given the seat of honour while the rest take their seats accordingly.
对于座次安排，正对门的座位被称为上座，是最尊贵的，居左或居东的座位仅次于上座。最好把餐桌上最好的位置留给长辈。如果一人去吃饭，地位高的人会被安排在桌子的上座，而其他的人则依次就座。
As a guest at a banquet, one should be particular about one's own appearance and determine whether to bring small gifts or good wine, according to the degree of closeness to the host of the banquet.It is important for a guest to be punctual.
作为宴席上的客人，应讲究自己的仪容仪表，并根据与宴席主人的关系程度来决定是带一些小礼物还是带好酒。客人守时是很重要的。
我的美丽日志面膜好吗
It is not polite to pick up too much food at a time. You should behave elegantly. When taking food, don't nudge or push against your neighbor. Don't let the food slop or let soup or sauce drip onto the table.
一次夹太多食物是不礼貌的。你应该举止优雅。夹菜时，不要轻推或推搡邻座。不要让食物洒到桌子上，也不要让汤或酱汁洒到桌子上。
When helping yourself to the dishes, you should take food first from the plates in front of you rather than those in the middle of the table or in front of others. It's bad manners to use your chopsticks to burrow through the food and “dig for treasure” and keep your eyes glued to the plates.
夹菜的时候，你应该先从你面前的盘子里夹食物，不要从桌子中间的盘子或别人面前的盘子里夹菜。用筷子在食物中“翻拨好吃的”和眼睛紧盯着盘子都是不礼貌的。
In China, food reflects people’s appreciation of nature, seasons and relationship. The Analects of Confucius has these words, “He was never tired of having his rice finely cleane
d, or his minced meat cut quite small.” Even a sage who is contented with a simple life would suggest that one should prepare the ingredients most elaborately in order to cook the best meal. After thousands of years, food, cuisine and table manners have integrated with Chinese philosophy and etiquette to form the unique Chinese food culture.
在中国，饮食蕴含着中国人对自然、时节以及人与人之间关系的深刻理解。孔子在《论语》中说，“食不厌精，脍不厌细”，即便是安贫乐道的圣人，也提倡遵循食材的特点，烹饪出至高美味。经过千年的发展，食物、烹饪方法、饮食仪轨与中国的哲学、礼仪融合为一体，形成了独特的中国饮食文化。
In China, factors like climates, geographies, histories, eating habits, and cooking methods lead to eight regional cuisines, namely Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangsu, Shandong, Sichuan and Zhejiang.
由于气候、地理、历史、物产及饮食风俗的不同，演变出了八种最具影响力的地方菜系，也就是我们常说的中国传统饮食“八大菜系”，包括“鲁、川、苏、粤、闽、浙、湘、徽”。
Words and Expressions
① fully-fledged adj.充分发展的
② etiquette n.礼仪；礼节
③ gastronomic adj.烹饪的；美食的
④ kinship n.亲属关系
⑤ venerable  adj.令人尊重的；值得敬重的
⑥ banquet n.宴会；盛宴
⑦ punctual  adj.按时的；准时的
⑧ nudge vt.(用肘）轻推
⑨ slop vi.倒出；使泼出
⑩ burrow  vi.(在……里）搜寻
⑪ 饮食文化 food culture
⑫ 餐桌礼仪table manners
⑬ 上座 the seat of honour
⑭ 上菜 serve the dishes
⑮ 主菜 the main course
第二部分 话题语法填空
美食食谱阅读
一、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Having stretched for more than 170 million years, Chinese food culture occupies an important part in the nation’s traditional culture.
The gastronomy (烹饪法)   1  (employ) in Chinese cuisine is an art form that goes beyond just satisfying your taste buds (味蕾). It is a perfect   2  (combine) of all your senses, a harmony of color, aroma, taste and appearance in every dish.   3  (history), Chinese cultures connected   4  (agriculture) preferences with patterns in the stars, guiding food con折线统计图ppt
sumption based on 24 Solar Terms.
Ancient Chinese people   5  (invent) chopsticks more than 3000 years ago, which are not only a kind of tableware with distinct national features   6  an important component that reflects the   7  母亲节图片感人漫画 (characteristic) of Chinese diet culture. Unlike a knife and fork or one’s own hands, a pair of chopsticks also implies the meaning of “Harmony is   8  matters”.
And, of course, what’s a Chinese feast without tea? More than a type of drink, it also serves as a transmitter of culture,   9  (represent) the philosophy, aesthetic views and way of life of the Chinese people, from which     10    spiritual world of the Chinese people can be perceived.
二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China pays great attention to good manners, and its food culture is deeply rooted in the history. As a visitor or guest in either a Chinese home   11  partyanimal restaurant, you will find that table manners are essential in our daily life!